BASIC SCIENCE PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM
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BASIC SCIENCE PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
SECOND TERM E - NOTES
CLASS: BASIC FIVE
SUBJECT: BASIC SCIENCE
WEEK TOPICS
1. DOMESTIC ANIMALS
2. DOMESTIC ANIMALS CONT.
3. THE HUMAN BODY - SKELETAL SYSTEM
4. THE SLELETAL SYSTEM CONT.
5. REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS - POLLINATION
6. FERTILIZAATION IN PLANTS
7. ROCKS
8. WATER CYCLE
9. ACIDS AND BASE
10. ACIDS AND BASE CONT.
11. REVISION
WEEK ONE & TWO
TOPIC- DOMESTIC ANIMALS
Domestic animals are animals we keep in and around our homes. Animals we keep in our homes are called pets.
Different animals can be found in different homes because people differ in the choice of animals they want as pets. Many people like to keep dogs, cats and parrots as pets. These are common pet animals.
Pets are not the only animals found in the home. Some other animals such as goats, chickens, are kept around our homes. We keep such animals to eat them later. Many kinds of domestic animals are kept in a animal farm.
Examples of domestic animals are hens, goats, dogs, pigs, cattles etc
BASIC SCIENCE PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
Domestic animals can be classified into
Per
Farm Animals
Some pets animals can also be used as farm animals.
PETS
Pets are animals we bring into our home for amusement or companionship. Human regards these animals as pets because they are friendly. Pets are
Examples of pet
Dog
Cats
Parrots
Canaries
horses
FARM ANIMALS
Farm animals are animals kept for use or profit
Uses of farm Animals
Goat provides meats hides and skin.
Turkey provides meat, eggs and feathers
Rabbit provides meat
Cow provides beef meat, milk, hides and skin.
Horse is used for work.
Donkey is used to carry load.
Camel is used to carry load
Cattle is used to work
Chicken provides meats, eggs and feathers.
Pig provides pork meat.
Duck provides eggs, meat and feathers
Sheep provides meat and wool.
BENEFITS OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS
We make money when by selling them to people.
They are used as securities (dog)
They are source of food to human.
Rearing of domestic animals provides employment.
WEEK 2
REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS
In animal’s reproduction occurs as result of union of male and females. The male fertilized the female Ovule and zygote or egg is produced. The zygote then turns into a foetus or embryo.
Hen, female adult insects like mosquito and termite produce larva or nymphs from egg. Mammals like dogs, cats and human being gives birth to their young ones alive.
FEEDING AND HABIT OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS
Feeding means what they eat while HABITAT is where the animal live whether inside or outside the house.
HERBVOROUS ANIMALS are animals that feeds on plants e.g. goat while CARNIVOROUSANIMALS are animals that feeds on other animals e.g. cats eats rats.
BASIC SCIENCE PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
The table below shows some domestic animals where they live and the food they eat.
WAYS BY WHICH DOMESTIC ANIMALS CARE FOR THEIR YOUNG ONES
They feed their young ones with the milk from their breasts. E.g. cow, sheep, goat etc. Dog look after their puppies by barking at any danger that may come after them. Hen protect their chickens by shedding feathers on them.
LESSON EVALUATION
What are domestic animals and where do they live?
Mention three domestic animals in your compound.
Name three domestic animals that feed on grasses.
Name three domestic animals that feed on meat.
What makes some domestic animals pets?
Mention the differences between domestic animals and wild animals
List three benefits of domestic animals.
WEEK 3&4
TOPIC: THE HUMAN BODY (THE SKELETAL SYSTEM)
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to:
Identify the major bones in the body.
Identify the major joints in the body.
State the functions of bones and joints
LESSON CONTENT
BASIC SCIENCE PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
The skeletal system can be called the skeleton. The skeleton is made up of all the bones in human body. Without the skeleton, we as human will not be able to work, walk, eat etc. the skeleton gives our body shapes, support, movement and protect some parts of our body. Any hard materials apart from finger nails, teeth and cartilage in human body are known as bones. A doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders and injuries related to the muscular skeletal system (especially in children) is called an ORTHOPEDIST.
TYPES OF BONES
The skeleton is made up of three major types of bones the long Bones: these are the thigh bones called femur, the upper arm bones known as humorous and the lower arm bones known as ulna and radius and the leg bones called tibia and fibula. These are small pieces of bones that are arranged to form the back bones or vertebral column (protecting the spinal cord).The bones around the neck regions are called the CERVICAL VERTEBRAE while the backbones around the chest region are called the THORACIC VERTEBRAE.
Animals with back bones are called vertebrates.
Phalanges: these are bones of the fingers and toes. They are pieces of jointed short bones. Eight carpals arranged in two rows of four each are connected to the phalanges.
THE JOINT
The joint is the place in human body where two or more bones meet. Muscles are attached to the bones at the joints to make movement possible. Joints are found in the following places of our body: neck, shoulders, waist, fingers, toes, elbows, wrists, knees, toes, etc.
TYPES OF JOINTS
There are two types of joints in human body; these are
Movable joint
Immovable joints or fixed joints
Movable joint
These are joint where bones meet together, it can slide on each other or move over each other.
BASIC SCIENCE PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
Examples of movable joints
Ball and Socket Joints: these are found in the shoulder and hip. It allows movement in all directions.
Hinge Joints: these are found on toes, fingers, knees and elbow. It allows forward and backward movement like a book.
Pivot Joints: these are found on the neck. Used for nodding.
Gliding Joints (articulation planar): these are found on ankles and wrists.
IMMOVABLE JOINTS
These joint are two or more bones fixed together with little or no movement. They are fixed by ligament. These are skull, joints in the pelvic girdle.
FUNCTIONS OF BONES AND JOINTS
They provide support for the body.
They give shapes to our body
They muscles are attached to them for movement.
They protect delicate organs like lings, heart, the spinal cord and the brain (skull).
They help to store certain minerals like calcium and phosphate in the body.
They help to produce some of the body blood cells.
LESSON EVALUATION
Teacher ask the learners to:
Mention the major bones in the body.
Mention the major joints in the body.
State three functions of bones and joints.
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.
WEEK 5&6
TOPIC: REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to:
Identify part of a flower.
Explain type and agent of pollination
Identify parts of a flower that are concerned with pollination and fertilization.
Distinguish between pollination and fertilization.
Describe stages of development from flowers to fruit.
LESSON CONTENT
REPRODUCTION
Reproduction is the ability of living things to reproduce young ones of their own kind. Reproduction is one of the characteristic of living things. Without living thing reproducing it young one, then there would be no living things on earth anymore.
.
Way by which plant reproduce their young ones.
Sexual reproduction: flowering plants make use of seeds. In most plants, the seedlings are developed from their seeds, which are obtained from flower when the male and female parts of flower meet to form union, seeds are obtained from flower.
Asexual or Vegetative Reproduction: the use of vegetative parts of plants (leaves, stems, buds and roots). Some plants part can also reproduce young ones without seeds, plants like cassava can reproduces by planting of the stem and yam can reproduces by planting the tuber.
PARTS OF A FLOWER
Flower is the organ responsible for producing fruits in flowering plants. So, the male and the female reproductive parts of a plant are in the flower.
BASIC SCIENCE PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
The two (2) major parts of flower are:
The Stamen or the Male part: it consists of the anther and filament.
The pistil or the female part: it consists of the ovary, stigma and style.
FUNCTIONS OF EACH PART OF A FLOWER
POLLINATION
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains (Yellow dust) from the anther into the stigma (sticky section) of a flowering plant during reproduction.
The pollen grains are the yellow dust which contains the male sex cell or sperm while the stigma is the sticky section. So when the pollen grains from the male flower drops on the stigma of the female part, the process is called pollination.
TYPES OF POLLINATION
We have two types of pollination. These are:
Self-Pollination: pollen grains from the flower are transferred from the anther into stigma of the same flowering plant.
Cross Pollination: the pollen grains from one flower is carried to the stigma of another flower of the same kind.
AGENT OF POLLINATION
The agent of pollination are man, wind, insect, birds, snail, etc
POLLINATION BY INSECT
Insects like butterfly, moths, bees are the most common agent of pollination because they visit flowers regularly to suck the sweet liquid called NECTAR. After sucking the nectar the pollen grains stick to their body and when they touch the stigma of the same plant or other plant of same kind, the pollen grains then drop into the stigma and pollination will occur without the insect knowing.
FERTILIZATION AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT IN PLANT
Fertilization in plant occurs after pollination, the male sex cell or sperm (male gamete) in the pollen grain unite with the female sex cell, or ovule in the ovary to form seeds (zygote and embryo), which develop to form the fruit.
Differences between pollination and fertilization
LESSON EVALUATION
Draw and identify the part of a flower.
State the functions of parts of a flower.
What is pollination?
What is fertilization in plants?
Explain the type and agent of pollination
Identify parts of a flower that are concerned with pollination and fertilization.
Distinguish between pollination and fertilization.
Describe stages of development from flowers to fruit
BASIC SCIENCE PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
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