CCA JSS1 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
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CCA JSS1 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
COLLAGE PRODUCTION
CONTENT
Meaning of Collage
Materials Needed for Collage Production
Steps in Collage Production
Uses of Collage
Meaning of Collage
Collage is a work of art in which pictures are built up using bits and pieces of different types of
materials.
It is a two dimensional art.
Collage as work of art was developed by French painter George Braque and the Spanish artist
Pablo Picasso.
Materials Needed for Collage Production
The following materials are needed for collage production:
Cardboards
Pieces of coloured paper
Scissors
Blade
Adhesive (evostic, glue, or any other form of gum)
Sand
Wood
Egg shell
Cowries etc.
Steps in Collage Production
The following are the steps in collage production:
Decide on which design or picture to be used.
Make sketches of designs or pictures you intend to use
Pick one out of the designs or picture sketch and improve on it.
Present or show the chosen design or picture to your teacher for correction and approval.
Transfer with pencil, your design or picture onto the background support
Cut or trim the pieces of coloured paper you intend to use to sizes
Start applying adhesive onto the reverse side of each of the coloured paper and paste to
bring out the form of design or picture you have drawn on the background support.
Continue until the design or picture is properly formed.
Uses of Collage
Paper collage is use for decoration
It is used for child art
Paper collage is used as instructional material
Paper collage making can be used to display the general knowledge of collage making.
EVALUATION
What is collage?
What are the steps in collage production?
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MODELLING WITH PAPIER-MÂCHÉ
CONTENT
Meaning of Modelling
Meaning of Papier-mâché/Clay
Materials Made from Papier-mâché/Clay
Meaning of Modelling
Modeling is the art of molding objects with different materials like papier-mâché, clay, plasticine,
cement, etc.
Meaning of Papier-mâché
It is a process of making pulp from paper (old newspaper, cardboard sheets or tissue paper)
used for modeling objects.
Papier-mâché is re-pulped paper mixed with glue or paste used to mould objects. It is a French
word which means mashed paper used to produce modeled objects.
Meaning of Clay
Clay is an earthen material used for molding.
Materials and Tools Needed for Papier-mâché
(i) Old newspaper, old calendars, tissue paper.
(ii) Water
(iii) Starch
(iv) vegetable oil or grease
(v) Scissors/cutter
(vi) Mortar and pestle
(vii) Bowl
(viii) Spoon
(ix) Paint
(x) Brush
(xi) Spatulas.
CCA JSS1 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
Preparation and the Making of Papier-mâché for Modelling
Cut the paper into small bits or strips, approximately ½ in wide.
Soak the small bits of papers inside water for at least 24 hours. (tissue paper should be
soaked for few minutes)
Remove the soaked pieces of paper and squeeze out the excess water.
Pound the soak paper inside mortar and pestle. (tissue paper may not be pounded because
it is already soft)
Remove the pounded pulp from the mortar into a bowl.
Prepare cassava starch with hot water and mix to a fairly thick consistency
(like the preparation of pap)
Mix the paper pulp with the starch properly when the starch is cool
(white glue can also be used in place of starch).
The prepared pulp can be used to mould objects like bowl, cup, jugs, animals etc.
Dip and Paste Method of Papier-mâché Modelling
The technique involves the cutting of papers into strips, soaking them in the prepared
starch and laying the stripes on the greased surface of a plate or bowl that will serve as the
mould that the dry paper will take its shape. The surface of the plate can be greased with v
egetable oil or grease.
Uses of Papier-mâché
Papier-mâché modeling can be used to teach students about three dimensional shapes
and form.
Objects made from papier-mâché can be used as teaching aids in laboratory and classroom.
Papier-mâché modeling can be used to teach the student how to manage waste in our
environment.
Papier-mâché can also be used as an avenue to teach improvisation in art class.
Papier-mâché products can be used for decoration.
Practical Work on Papier-mâché
BEAD WORK
CONTENT
Definition of Beads
Uses of Beads
Production of Beads
CCA JSS1 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
Definition of Beads
Beads are small perforated objects made of different material, colours, shapes and sizes that
may be strung into necklaces and bracelets or attached to clothing or furnishings.
The word ‘bead’ is derived from Middle English ‘bede’ meaning ‘prayer’ and was originally applied to prayer beads, or rosaries.
Uses of Beads
Beads are used for the following:
Beads are used by some renown artists in design and portrait making
Beads are used for making shoes, purses and hand bag.
They are also used as necklaces, bracelets and anklets for adornment.
Beads are equally used for making crown and decorating the base of most royal staffs.
Beads are used for rosaries.
Production of Beads
Beads are usually made of variety of materials such as seeds, wood, ivory, bone, horn, shell,
pearl, gemstones, metals, ceramics, plastics etc. The main materials are beads and thread.
Bead works can be located in Bida, among the Nupe people of Niger State in Nigeria.
There are different ways/forms of producing improvised beads. These include:
(i) Roll paper beads
(ii) Straw beads
(iii) Seed beads
(iv) Bottle tops/cover beads
EVALUATION
Define beads
State four uses of beads
List 4 ways of producing improvised beads
MOSAICS
CONTENT
Meaning of Mosaic
Materials and Tools in Making Mosaic
The Production of Mosaic Work
Uses of Mosaic
Meaning of Mosaic
Mosaic is a type of inlaid design composed of stones, metals, glass, beads etc generally
used for decoration. Mosaic is one of the most durable forms of decorative art of
embellishing or decorating a surface such as floor or wall. Mosaics have a rough texture.
Materials and Tools in Making Mosaic
Materials and tools for making mosaic include beads, stones, pebbles, glasses, broken
bottles, dress buttons, glue, gum, paint brush, knife, pair of scissors, ruler, plywood,
hardwood and strawboard.
The Production of Mosaic Work
In producing a mosaic work, the following steps should be followed:
Step 1: Find different mosaic objects.
Step 2: Sketch or draw the desired image on a flat surface.
Step 3: Cut or break the materials sourced in step 1 into pieces for usage.
Step 4: Apply strong glue or gum to the surface.
Step 5: Arrange the materials on your drawing according to plan.
Continue this process until the desired image or form is obtained.
Uses of Mosaic
Mosaics are used for the following:
Mosaics are used in producing wall decorations.
Mosaic replaces the use of colours in painting picture.
It is a method of creating forms such as a mask.
It is less expensive since most of the materials can be found readily.
It encourages patience and endurance in students.
It creates a beautiful effect when viewed from a distance.
EVALUATION
State five reasons why mosaic decoration is important in art.
Explain the meaning of mosaic.
State five (5) materials and tools for mosaic.
what are the steps to be taken in producing a mosaic design?
THEORY OF MUSIC
CONTENT
Fundamentals of Music and Sound
Sources of Sound
Musical Sounds
Characteristics of Sound
Musical Notation
Types of Music Notation
Fundamentals of Music and Sound
Music can be defined as a composition of organized sound pleasant to the ear.
It is a performing art, a medium in which one’s mind can be meaningfully expressed
by who appreciates it:
The raw material of music is sound. Sound may be perceived as pleasant or unpleasant.
Pleasant sound is musical sound while unpleasant sound is noise. Recorded music blared
from a number of outlets (e.g. Business centers, shops etc) constitute noise. On the other
hand, the sound from a performing orchestra could be very soothing and exhilarating.
The real difference between musical sound and noise lies in the impression made on the listener.
While musical sound is generally attractive and enjoyable, noise is distracting and could be
irritating. Furthermore, musical sound is organized while noise is not.
Sources of Sound
There are two main sources of sounds:
(i) Natural Source e.g. Human beings, animals, weather, etc.
(ii) Artificial source – man with the aid of objects called musical instrument e.g. Guitar, gong etc.
Musical Sounds
Musical sounds are produced in two ways:
(i) Through the human voice (vocal music) and
(ii) through musical instruments.
Characteristics of Sound
Pitch: This is the height or depth of a musical sound. E.g d:m:s:s:l:s-
Intensity: This refers to the loudness or softness of a musical sound.
Timbre: This is the difference in sound production of one musical instrument and
the other. E.g the sound of violin differs from the sound of guitar, while the sound
of guitar differs from that of saxophone.
Duration: The length of a musical sound is called duration. In a piece of music,
each sound has length(duration) in note beat value combined, in relation to
other set of organized sounds to produce music.
Accent: This is the emphasis placed on certain sounds in a piece of music in
order to create definite effects on the listeners or audience.
EVALUATION
Define music
What is the difference between music and noise.
List three characteristics of sound.
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Musical Notation
Music notation simply refers to the system of reproducing musical sounds in writing.
It is simply the art of writing music.
Types of Music Notation
There are several methods of writing music, but at this level,
we shall study only two types: staff Notation and Solfa Notation.
Solfa notation involves the use of musical sounds such as d;r:m:f:s :l:t:d.
Whenever we write musical sounds with these seven letters, it is solfa notation.
Staff notation is the method of writing musical sounds on the staff or staves
using symbols called musical notes, e. g.
CCA JSS1 SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE
EVALUATION
Define music notation
Write the two types of music notation studied in this lesson.
Describe (i) solfa notation (ii) staff notation.
ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
CONTENT
Elements of Music
Notes on the Keyboard
Elements of Music
The following are the elements of music.
Pitch, melody, harmony, rhythm, texture, timbre, form or structure
(i) Pitch: This refers to the height or depth of sound.
(ii) Rhythm: This refers to the movement, life or time pattern of a piece of music.
(iii) Melody: This means the main tune of a piece of music.
(iv) Harmony: This means combination of musical notes to form chords.
It is the clothing of melody.
(v) Texture: The number of parts in a musical piece and their relation to one another.
(vi) Timbre: This is the difference in sound production of one musical
instrument and the other.
(vii) Form or structure: This is the shape or order of music.
EVALUATION
List three elements of music you have been taught.
What is pitch?
Notes on the Keyboard
The keyboard of a piano or organ is the whole row of black and white keys on
which the fingers are placed in playing.
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