KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1

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KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1                               

(K. U. W.)

 

 

TOPIC:  THE ENVIRONMENT

This lesson will help the children to understand that the environment can be your home, your backyard or the country you live in.

They should know that the environment means everything around us which can affect our lives. The air, water, trees, plants, houses, animals, forests, stones, mountains, hills, and other human beings are all part of the environment. All the physical surrounding on earth are what constitute the environment. So, the environment includes all the living and non living things on earth. 

 

LESSON 1: MEANING OF ENVIRONMENT

PROMPTING QUESTION:  What is environment?

RESPONSE:                            Environment means all the living things and 

Non living things we can see around us. 

 

 

 

LESSON 2: TURNING TRASH INTO TREASURE (RECYCLING)

The essence of this lesson is for the children to understand the need to protect and preserve the environment.  It is equally important for them to know how their activities impact on the environment. 

EXPLANATION:  

Recycling is the process of taking materials ready to be thrown away and converting them to reusable materials.  It is the process of recovering scrap or waste and reprocessing the materials into useful products. In other words, recycling means changing used old materials into new ones that can be used again. It is a way of taking trash and turning it to treasure.

 

PROMPTING QUESTION:                            What is recycling?

RESPONSE:                                                       Recycling means, turning our waste materials

into new products which we can use again. 

 

 

ORAL HOME WORK:

 

When you get home, look at your trash can and find out the materials that are in it. Think of useful thing we can turn those materials into

 

 

LESSON 3: IMPORTANCE OF RECYCLING

 

The children should understand the need to reuse old materials. They should know that recycling saves the planet in so many ways. It saves the environment and at the same time, it offers people jobs. So recycling helps to solve the problem of unemployment.  

 

If children understand how dangerous waste materials are to the environment, they will appreciate the need to recycle their papers, magazines, cans, plastic bottles, glass bottles, toys and electronics.

 

They will carry the good habit of recycling to their adult life. It is important they know that recycling helps to create a healthy environment.

 

EXPLANATION:

There are many benefits we can derive from recycling.

 

Recycling is good for us and the environment.

It reduces the use of new raw materials. It reduces our energy consumption

It improves the quality of air and water

It helps to fight climate change

 

Landfills: recycling materials means less trash and saves spaces in dumps and landfills. This is to say that recycling helps to reduce the garbage in dump sites that can take hundreds of years to break down. For instance, one aluminium can will stay in a landfill for over 500 years. But if it is recycled, it will not find itself in the dump site. 

 KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1

Therefore, recycling helps to reduce the volume of trash in the environment. Trash helps to pollute the earth’s soil, water and air.

 

Resources: When we use materials again, this means we can take fewer resources from the earth. Recycling helps to preserve natural resources. That is, materials that occur naturally that are used in making products.  For instance, we use trees to make paper. When we don’t recycle our papers, it means more trees will be cut down to produce papers. By so doing, we risk depleting our natural resources like the tree. We will use up the natural resources.

 

PRMPTING QUESTION:       Why should we recycle our waste materials? 

 

RESPONSE:                            We should recycle our waste materials because

 

1.     Recycling makes our environment healthy

2.     Recycling makes our air and water save

3.     Recycling helps to protect our natural resources 4. Recycling helps us to save a lot of money 5. Recycling creates job for people.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1

ORAL HOME WORK: 

How do you discard your waste? 

Or how and where do you throw away your waste materials? 

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1

LESSON 4: MATERIALS AND THE RECYCLING PROCESS

 All sorts of materials can be recycled. But the commonest materials that can be recycled today are plastic bags, glass, metals, paper, textiles, electronics, cans, cartons, newspapers, old books, plastic bottles etc.

EXPLANATION:

THE RECYCLING PROCESS:

Recycling cans: The cans will be cut into pieces. It will be melted. From there, it can be re moulded into a new can or a new item.

Plastic bottles: they are first sorted into their different chemical types. They are cleaned to get rid of any leftover food or waste . Then, the bottles are crushed or shredded into fine plastic chips. Then, the chips will be melted down to create new plastic or turned into a fibre for making carpets or clothing.

Paper: the recycling process of paper starts by being mixed with water and other chemicals to break it down. After that, it is shredded and heated up. This process turns the paper into a pulp or slurry.  The pulp is strained in order to remove any glue. It is later cleaned and bleached to remove any left over ink or dyes. After that, the pulp is turned into a new paper.

 

PROMPTING QUESTION:                What are the materials we can recycle?

RESPONSE:                                                       The materials we can recycle are paper, glass,

bottles, nylon bags, toys, batteries, etc

 

ORAL HOME WORK:

Find out the names of old materials you have at home which can be  Used to make new products.

You can ask each person to bring one material that can be recycled to school. This will aid their understanding on recyclable materials.

 

 

MATERIALS AND WHAT THEY CAN BE RECYCLED INTO

This lesson is all about the new products we can get from old or waste materials. 

Start this lesson by reminding the children the meaning of recycling. Let them recall that recycling means changing old or waste materials into a new product. Then, they should also refresh their minds on the various materials that can be recycled. When these are achieved, you can then begin the lesson on new products the various materials can be turned into.

SOME BASIC FACTS:

Used paper can be recycled up to seven times. After seven times, the fibre gets too weak and soft and are filtered by the recycling process.

Glass is one of the best recycled materials. It can be recycled several times.

 KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1

We can turn some of our waste materials into electricity by burning them in modern incinerators. 

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1

LESSON 5: AFTER THE JUICE WHAT NEXT?  

(RECYCLING PLASTIC BOTTLES)

Children drink juice, water or soft drinks in plastic bottles. But, what can the bottles be turned into after the juice or soft drink has been consumed? 

Ask the children what they do to the plastic bottles after drinking their juice. Most of them will tell you they throw it into the trash can. 

Let the children know that those plastic bottles can be used to produce several other items.

The plastic bottles can be turned into T. Shirts, sweaters, jackets, sleeping bags, carpets and more bottles.

It takes about 10 plastic bottles to produce a new beautiful T. shirt It takes about 63 plastic bottles to make a sweater.

 

PLASTIC BOTTLES CAPS

Plastic caps on bottles help to cover your juice or drink and keep nasty stuff like bugs and dirt away. They can be turned into batteries for the car, garden rakes, storage containers, shopping bags, ropes, and more bottle caps.

 

PROMPTING QUESTION:  Plastic bottles can be used to produce what?

RESPONSE:                                        Plastic bottles can be used to produce T.Shirts, sweaters,

jackets, carpets and new plastic bottles.

 

TAKE HOME INSTRUCTION:

Stop throwing away your plastic bottles, nylon bags, empty cans.  They can be useful.

 

 

LESSON 6: COVERS OF OUR PLASTIC BOTTLES

 

PTOMPTING QUESTION:      What can bottle covers recycled into?

RESPONSE:                             My bottle cover can be recycled into

Batteries for the car

Rakes for our garden

Bags for shopping 

And containers for storing things

 

 

CLASS ACTIVITIES ON RECYCLING

 

Activity 1:  

MAKING A PENCIL HOLDER FROM ALUMINUIM CAN

 

Things you need:

1.     An empty aluminium can

2.     Can opener

3.     Yarn

4.     Glue

5.     Scissors

6.     Decorations like bead, pebbles, dried flowers or buttons 

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1

STEPS

Cut off the top of the can with a can opener

Turn the can upside down and stick the yarn around the container, starting from the bottom. 

Keep the yarn close together so that the can does not show through.

Let the yarn fully cover the container

Use glue to apply on the yarn to hold it together

Decorate the body whichever you like once the glue dries.

 KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1

 ACTIVITY 2:              

MAKING A PARACHUTE

 Things you need:

A plastic bag or any fabric of light material

Scissors

String

A small object to act as weight

 

STEPS

Cut a large square from the plastic bag or the fabric you are using

Trim the edges of the square to make it look like an octagon

Cut a small hole on each side

Take 8 pieces of strings of equal size and attach to each hole

Tie the string pieces to the object being used as weight

Testing part- take the parachute to a high spot like a chair and drop it as slowly as you can.

The parachute will descend to the ground slowly, giving the weight a comfortable landing

 KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1 

TOPIC: POLLUTION

EXPLANATION:

Some of the things people do cause harm to the earth. Pollution happens when our environment is dirtied or contaminated by waste, chemicals and other harmful substances. 

When huge quantities of harmful chemicals, substances, smoke, and gases are let out into the environment, it causes pollution

So, pollution is when we make our land, water and air dirty. Anything that makes the environment dirty and unhealthy is pollution.

These gases and chemicals are extremely damaging to human, plant, and animal life. Use this lesson to enlighten the children on the inevitable need to control pollution. 

Most of the things we buy are packed in cartons or other packages. When we collect the item, we throw the package into our trash cans. When we pour our trash away, those packages end up in dumpsites or large underground dumps called landfills.  The landfills make the land unhealthy for animals and human beings.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD NURSERY 2 TERM 1 

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